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Lesson 1 (제 1과)


제 1과       <이것은 무엇입니까?> (What is it?)


새로 나온 단어 

(New words) 

이것 - this
무엇 - what
시계 - clock
그것 - that
예 - yes (formal style)
책 - book
책상 - desk
저것 - that 
아니요 - no
공책 - notebook
의자 - chair

What is the difference between 그것 and 저것?

Both 그 and 저 mean "that".

 이 refers to what's close to the speaker
그 refers to what's close to the listener.
저 refers to what's far from both the speaker and listener (kind of like "over there").


발음 연습 (pronunciation) 

이것은 [이거슨]
저것은 [저거슨]
무엇입니까 [무어심니까]
입니까 [임니까]
그것은 [그거슨]
입니다 [임니다]

대화 (dialog)

이리나: 이것은 무엇입니까 ?
안드레이: 그것은 책입니다.
이리나: 저것은 무엇입니까 ?
안드레이: 이것은 공책 입니다.
이리나: 이것은 시계 입니까?
안드레이: 예, 그것은 시계입니다.
이리나: 이것은 책상 입니까?
안드레이: 아니요, 그것은  의자 입니다.

문법 (Grammar) 

1.The structure of the proposal. Predicative particle ~이다 

One type of Korean proposal is a simple, undistributed proposal.
It consists only of the subject and the predicate.
The predicate in such a sentence is expressed by a verb, adjective or predicative being, formed by adding a predicative case to the real particle ~이다 . A particle ~이 + 다 is an infinitive form in which ~이 is the basis and ~다-  the end of the infinitive.
The Korean proposal has the following structure: "subject" + "predicate".
In Korean, the predicate is always at the end of a sentence.
For example, 
This is a book. - "이것은 책이다."
The word "book" in the Korean translation of the Korean word performs the predicate, so it is formed as a predicate in the form of a predicative noun.
You can't just say "이것은 책", but you have to talk "이것은 책이다."

2. Auxiliary particle ~은/는

In the sentences under consideration, the pronoun in the role of the subject is formalized by adding an auxiliary particle ~은/는. The auxiliary particle ~은/는 is used to express the contrast, to highlight the topic, the subject of the conversation. 
You can also draw a parallel between "~은/는" and article "а/an".
"~이것은"- it is ("just that, and not another").
It can form the subject, the complement and even the predicate, joining other particles. ~은 joins a stem ending in a consonant, ~는 - a vowel.

3. Ending ~ㅂ니다  and ~ㅂ니까 

The ending ~ㅂ니다 and ~ㅂ니까 - this is the ending, which complete the sentences and join in with the particles of the predicative case. The form of these endings refer to a formally polite style.
"~ㅂ니다" - a narrative form, "~ㅂ니까" - an interrogative form.
이것은 무엇입니까? - 그것은 의자 입니다.

4.Indicative locations

A pronoun is a part of speech that indicates a person. subject, place, sign, quantity without naming it. Demonstrative pronouns are formed by adding 이, 그, 저 to the demonstrative pronouns "것 ", denoting "subject".
이것 - this, 그것 - that, 저것 - that 

쓰기 연습 (Writing exercises)

Example:가: 이것은 무엇입니까?
나: 그것은 사전입니다.

(사전 - dictionary)

1.

가: 저것은 무엇입니까?
나: 그것은 _________입니다.(computer)

2.

가: 이것은 ___________?
나: 그것은 가방이니다.(bag)

3.

가: 저것은 그림입니까?
나: 아니요, _____________.(map)

4.

가: 그것은 칼입니까?
나: 아니요, _____________.(eraser)

5.

가: __________________?
나: __________________.(window)

말하기 연습(Oral speech)

According to the presented drawing, make a dialogue on the topic:"우리 교실"


For example,
가: 이것은 무엇입니까?
나: 그것은  책상입니다.

1.
가: __________________?
나: __________________.
2.
가: __________________?
나: __________________.
3.
가: __________________?
나: __________________.

과제 학습(Homework)

1. Write new words five times and learn.

이것 - this
무엇 - what
시계 - clock
그것 - that
예 - yes (formal style)
책 - book
책상 - desk
저것 - that 
아니요 - no
공책 - notebook
의자 - chair
사전 - dictionary
가방 -bag
교실 - classroom
그림 - drawing
방 - room
볼펜 - pen
연필 - pencil
지도- map
지우개 - eraser
창문- window
침대 - bed
칼 - knife
컴퓨터 - computer
필통 - pencilcase

2. Read the dialogue and learn.
3. Make five sentences using an auxiliary particle ~은/는 and particles of a predicative case (the end of the nominal predicate) ~이다.

4. Describe your room.

For example,
저것은 침대입니다.

1._________________________________.
2._________________________________.
3._________________________________.
4._________________________________.
5._________________________________.



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